Quality control system in disease management services for checking adherence to therapy

ABSTRACT

Quality control system in Disease Management Services involving education, development and motivation of patients suffering from widespread chronic diseases, such as diabetes, asthma or hypertension, possibly involving telemonitoring of critical body values and resultant early identification and avoidance of risk situations, where an automatic delivery monitoring facility is provided which monitors the receipt of all messages and information by the patients and, if appropriate, informs a control station in order to eliminate access problems.

[0001] The invention relates to a quality control system in Disease Management Services involving education, development and motivation of patients suffering from widespread chronic diseases, such as diabetes, asthma or hypertension, possibly involving telemonitoring of critical body values and resultant early identification and avoidance of risk situations.

[0002] Disease Management Service Providers (DMSPs) are a growth sector on a worldwide scale as medical service providers. Their business concept is based primarily on education, development and motivation of patients combined with telemonitoring of critical body values and, consequently, early identification and avoidance of risk situations. Disease Management Services typically look after patients who are suffering from a widespread chronic disease, such as diabetes, asthma or hypertension, which means that large numbers of patients are looked after using a largely standardized treatment plan over long periods of time (typically months or years). This results in significant increased cost efficiency as compared with traditional patient care. In this case, this cost efficiency is achieved, inter alia, by the greatest possible degree of automation of the patient care, for example as a result of patient training material automatically being sent at stipulated intervals, advisory calls being made, or measured values, such as the patient's blood pressure, being sent in digital form to a control center where they are automatically assessed and, in the event of limit values being exceeded or not reached, a fax or an e-mail containing an appropriate recommended treatment is sent to the physician providing the care.

[0003] Generally, the costs for this form of patient care are borne by the health insurance companies. These are increasingly demanding evidence of the long-term cost efficiency of such intervention from the DMSPs. Since the pathologies for which care is provided are essentially those where the patients need to change habitual but unhealthy behavior (for example stopping smoking, changing diet etc.), the desired success can be achieved only by providing the patient with an insight into and an understanding of his situation. For this reason, patient education, that is to say working through the appropriate training material and comprehension of its content, is of particular importance.

[0004] Hence, in order to be able to answer the very important question of whether the patient to be treated has a) received his assigned training material and b) has studied it and also understood it as specified, the service provider has no other option to date than to subject the patient to a telephone assessment which, depending on the kind of patient, can be very complex and laborious.

[0005] On the other hand, the DMSP cannot dispense with this practice, since firstly it is a form of care documentation for health insurance companies, and secondly health insurance companies increasingly wish to pay out on the basis of success, and hence the service providers have particularly great motivation for the patient to internalize and implement the training material.

[0006] The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a quality control system of the type mentioned in the introduction such that the patient's level of knowledge within the context of the individual training program can be automatically checked.

[0007] The invention achieves this object by first providing an automatic delivery monitoring facility which monitors the receipt of all messages and information by the patients and, if appropriate, informs a control station in order to eliminate access problems. If the documents are sent by e-mail, this can be done by virtue of an appropriate e-mail response, and the online version allows this to be done by recording the activity of the respective patient (for example using log files).

[0008] In a further stage, the patient is subjected to a comprehension test whose receipt by the patient is automatically monitored in the Disease Management Service Provider's sending center and whose performance results are preferably evaluated fully automatically, with a further feature of the invention involving the evaluation unit being able to generate automatic warnings to the physician, to the patient or to the respective health insurance company.

[0009] These comprehension tests make it possible to establish whether the patient has understood the lessons and advice and information sufficiently, it also being possible for these comprehension tests to be used for the purpose of refreshing lessons from the past. If the patient is overtaxed or is permanently uninterested, he can then be summoned and the appropriate measures can be discussed with him. If appropriate, the only sensible consequence of permanent failure of coordinated cooperation may be to terminate the treatment and to contact the health insurance company.

[0010] The tests can, by way of example, be questionnaires (multiple choice or full answers) or else interactive “computer games” in which typical scenarios are enacted, with the patient having to take action at a suitable point.

[0011] The inventive quality control system can be developed such that the tests with a positive assessment cause automatic release for further tests and/or additional training units.

[0012] In this case, it has been found to be particularly expedient if the tests have no rigid structure, but rather are designed to be flexible using software expert rules in the background, so that the test questions can be matched to the patient on an individual basis, for example depending on age, level of education, other illnesses, disease history, etc., the information required for this purpose being able to be taken from an “electronic patient file” of the DMS provider by the expert system.

[0013] In one development of the invention, the course of the test questions can also be altered dynamically, for example such that whenever an incorrect response is given the question is posed in a different way, in order to identify and eliminate possible misunderstandings by the patient.

[0014] Ultimately, learning material in an intelligent form combines a lesson with testing of the success of learning while including the functionality of the test variations above.

[0015] The test results can also be used to obtain the following additional benefit: a dynamically structured treatment plan for the patient contains treatment instructions for the treating physician and for the patient, together with times of the intended performance, and logic rules which result in the treatment instructions being performed. This can take the form, by way of example, that treatment regime A needs to be observed while the patient's weight is below 80 kg, but that treatment based on regime B needs to be carried out if his weight is above 80 kg. The results of the learning success tests can be used, in the form of quantified marks or scores, for automatically controlling such a treatment plan.

[0016] More in-depth details and special features of the inventive quality control system can be found in the appended drawings, in which:

[0017]FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart for the relationships between the Disease Management Service Provider (DMSP) and the patient, and

[0018]FIG. 2 shows a detailed chart of a course of treatment using the inventive quality control system. 

1. A quality control system in Disease Management Services involving education, development and motivation of patients suffering from widespread chronic diseases, such as diabetes, asthma or hypertension, possibly involving telemonitoring of critical body values and resultant early identification and avoidance of risk situations, characterized in that an automatic delivery monitoring facility is provided which monitors the receipt of all messages and information by the patients and, if appropriate, informs a control station in order to eliminate access problems.
 2. The quality control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the patient acknowledges every receipt of a message to the sending center.
 3. The quality control system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the patient information contains comprehension tests whose receipt by the patient is automatically monitored in the sending center and whose results are preferably evaluated fully automatically by an evaluation unit following performance by the patient.
 4. The quality control system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the evaluation unit can generate automatic warnings to the physician and/or to the patient or to the respective health insurance company.
 5. The quality control system as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the tests comprise questionnaires and/or interactive computer games.
 6. The quality control system as claimed in one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the tests with a positive assessment cause automatic release for further tests and/or additional training units.
 7. The quality control system as claimed in one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the tests are in a flexible form using software expert rules, in particular are matched to the particular circumstances of the individual patient.
 8. The quality control system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the course of the test questions within a test is altered dynamically if incorrect responses are given.
 9. The quality control system as claimed in one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the test results evaluated in the form of quantified marks or scores are used to produce a dynamically structured treatment plan for the patient.
 10. The quality control system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by automatic generation of warnings or alarms to the physician and/or patient on the basis of the score achieved during performance of the test. 